Supply chains are the hidden architecture of modern commerce. Behind almost every product sits an intricate network of suppliers, manufacturers, warehouses, transport operators, distributors, retailers, and consumers. Raw materials cross borders. Components pass through factories. Finished goods travel thousands of kilometers before reaching their final destination. This enormous machinery creates prosperity and convenience, but it also creates environmental pressure. Transportation consumes fuel. Factories consume energy and water. Warehouses require electricity. Packaging generates waste. Agriculture can contribute to deforestation, soil degradation, and biodiversity loss. Even unsold inventory can carry an environmental cost because the resources used to produce and transport it have already been expended. The relationship between supply chains and…